How do we get more renewable energy onto the grid—and what stands in the way? This module explores the challenges and solutions of integrating clean power into national electricity systems. You’ll compare traditional generation with renewables, uncover the technical limits of both, and see how grid operators keep supply and demand in balance when sources like wind and solar are unpredictable. The module will cover everything from frequency response and ancillary services to grid interconnections and the growing role of demand-side management in homes, industry, and data centres. You’ll also dive into the critical role of energy storage—examining different technologies, how they work, and their strengths and weaknesses. Along the way, you’ll explore smart grids, decentralised systems, and future electricity mixes, guided by real-world data and case studies. By the end, you’ll have a clear view of how renewables, storage, and smarter grid strategies can work together to make clean power more reliable and accessible.